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Sample-specific odontometric sex estimation: A method with potential application to burned remains.

Marcia Filipa Gouveia1, Inês Oliveira Santos1, Ana Luísa Santos1

  • 1Centro de Investigação em Antropologia e Saúde (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal.

Science & Justice : Journal of the Forensic Science Society
|June 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Odontometry, the study of teeth, shows potential for estimating sex in burned human remains. Specific tooth measurements, particularly cementum-enamel junction perimeter, offer promising results after high-temperature exposure.

Keywords:
Biological anthropologyCremated remainsOdontometrySex estimationTeeth

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Anthropology
  • Bioarchaeology
  • Dental Morphology

Background:

  • Sex estimation from skeletal remains is crucial in forensic anthropology.
  • Burned human remains pose challenges due to heat-induced dimensional changes.
  • Metric features of teeth are often the only dimorphic traits preserved.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of odontometry for sex estimation in burned human remains.
  • To assess heat-induced dimensional changes in specific tooth measurements.
  • To evaluate novel and standard odontometric features for post-burning sex determination.

Main Methods:

  • Experimentally burned human teeth (pre-molars, incisors, molars) at 400°C, 700°C, and 900°C.
  • Measured seven dimensions of the cementum-enamel junction and root in lower second pre-molars.
  • Analyzed novel measurements combining mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters.

Main Results:

  • Most standard tooth measurements showed limited reliability for sex classification post-burning.
  • Cementum-enamel junction perimeter and combined mesiodistal/buccolingual diameters showed >80% accuracy post-burning.
  • Females exhibited greater shrinkage than males at 900°C, enhancing apparent sexual dimorphism.

Conclusions:

  • Certain odontometric features, like CEJ perimeter, show potential for sex estimation in burned remains.
  • Heat-induced shrinkage can influence, and sometimes enhance, observed sexual dimorphism.
  • Further research is needed, but odontometry remains a viable avenue for skeletal sex estimation.