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Crown Ethers02:36

Crown Ethers

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Crown ethers are cyclic polyethers that contain multiple oxygen atoms, usually arranged in a regular pattern. The first crown ether was synthesized by Charles Pederson while working at DuPont in 1967. For this work, Pedersen was co-awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Crown ethers are named using the formula x-crown-y, where x is the total number of atoms in the ring and y is the number of ether oxygen atoms. The term 'crown' refers to the crown-like shape that these ether molecules...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Potential of polymethacrylate pseudo crown ethers as solid state polymer electrolytes.

S Moins1, J C Martins, A Krumpmann

  • 1Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons (UMons), Place du Parc 23, 7000 Mons, Belgium. olivier.coulembier@umons.ac.be.

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Researchers controlled the synthesis of polymethacrylate pseudo crown-ethers using kinetic studies and advanced calculations. These polymers show promise as solid-state electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries due to their unique structure facilitating ion transport.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Polymethacrylates are versatile polymers with potential applications in energy storage.
  • Developing efficient solid-state electrolytes is crucial for advancing lithium-ion battery technology.
  • Pseudo crown-ethers offer unique coordination properties for ion complexation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To control the synthesis of polymethacrylate pseudo crown-ethers via cyclo-ATRP.
  • To investigate the potential of these polymers as solid-state electrolytes for Li-ion batteries.
  • To elucidate the relationship between polymer structure and ion transport properties.

Main Methods:

  • Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) with kinetic studies.
  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations.
  • Proton and Lithium-7 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-7Li NMR) spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Controlled synthesis of cyclo-ATRP of PEG9DMA yielding polymethacrylate pseudo crown-ethers of varying molar masses.
  • Demonstrated potential of the synthesized polymers as solid-state electrolytes.
  • Identified supramolecular organization of cyclo-PEG as a key factor for Li+ diffusion channels.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of kinetic studies, DFT, and NMR enables precise control over polymethacrylate pseudo crown-ether synthesis.
  • These polymers exhibit promising characteristics for solid-state Li-ion battery electrolytes.
  • Supramolecular organization is critical for efficient lithium-ion conduction in these materials.