Pre-natal and post-natal exposure to pet ownership and lung function in children: The Seven Northeastern Cities Study

Area of Science:

• Environmental Health
• Pediatric Pulmonology
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Pet ownership is common in households with children.
• The impact of pet exposure on pediatric lung function requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the association between prenatal and postnatal pet exposure and children's lung function.
• To identify specific pet types and demographic factors influencing this relationship.

Main Methods:

• Cross-sectional study (Seven Northeastern Cities - SNEC) involving lung function measurements (spirometry) and pet ownership questionnaires.
• Statistical analysis using multiple logistic regression and generalized linear modeling.
• Evaluation of lung function parameters: forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF), and peak expiratory flow (PEF).

Main Results:

• Postnatal pet exposure in the first two years of life was significantly associated with lung function impairment (FVC <85% predicted).
• Current pet exposure showed increased odds of lung function impairment, particularly for FVC and FEV1.
• Dog ownership was linked to higher odds of impairment compared to other pets.
• Girls with current pet exposure exhibited a greater likelihood of lung function impairment than boys.
• No significant association was found between prenatal pet exposure and lung function impairment.

Conclusions:

• Postnatal exposure to pets, especially dogs, is negatively associated with children's lung function.
• The findings suggest a need for further research into the mechanisms underlying this association and potential public health implications.
• Gender differences in the impact of pet exposure on lung function warrant additional study.