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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Observers can identify eye gaze direction better than detect its presence, even when failing to detect it. This finding highlights how decision complexity, not just sensory evidence, impacts performance and awareness.

Keywords:
Double judgementsMetacognitionPsychophysicsSocial vision

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Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Cognitive psychology
  • Psychophysics

Background:

  • Previous research shows accurate identification of undetected stimuli.
  • An analogous phenomenon may exist for eye gaze judgments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if observers can identify eye gaze direction better than detect its presence.
  • To explore the role of computational complexity in performance and metacognitive awareness.

Main Methods:

  • A 2x2AFC double judgments procedure was used.
  • Participants judged eye gaze direction (left/right) and detected gaze offset.
  • Metacognitive ratings (Meta-d') were incorporated to measure awareness.

Main Results:

  • Identification of gaze direction (left/right) exceeded detection of gaze offset.
  • A Thurstonian model explained performance, with detection being more computationally complex.
  • Metacognitive awareness (Meta-d') was comparable across judgments when sensitivity was considered.

Conclusions:

  • Performance and metacognitive awareness depend on both sensory evidence strength and decision computational complexity.
  • Decision complexity influences the distance of evidence from decision axes.
  • This extends understanding of visual processing beyond simple signal detection theory.