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Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...
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Gene-therapy Inspired Polycation Coating for Protection of DNA Origami Nanostructures
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β-Cyclodextrin polymer binding to DNA: Modulating the physicochemical parameters.

J C B Rocha1,2, E F Silva1, M F Oliveira3

  • 1Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.

Physical Review. E
|June 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polymerized cyclodextrins (poly-β-CD) significantly enhance binding to DNA, altering its mechanical properties. This increased affinity, observed using optical tweezers, suggests new applications for cyclodextrin-DNA interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cyclodextrins (CDs) are known for their ability to encapsulate hydrophobic molecules.
  • Understanding host-guest interactions is crucial for drug delivery and biomaterial design.
  • The interaction between cyclodextrins and DNA is of interest for modulating DNA properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between a β-cyclodextrin polymer (poly-β-CD) and λ-DNA.
  • To characterize the changes in DNA's mechanical properties upon interaction with poly-β-CD.
  • To determine the physical chemistry of the poly-β-CD-DNA interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of poly-β-CD from β-cyclodextrin and epichlorohydrin.
  • Utilized optical tweezers to measure changes in DNA mechanical properties (persistence length, contour length).
  • Applied a quenched-disorder statistical model to analyze interaction thermodynamics.

Main Results:

  • Poly-β-CD did not alter the contour length of DNA up to 300 μM concentration.
  • Significant changes in DNA persistence length indicated two binding modes of poly-β-CD.
  • Polymeric β-CD showed a binding constant three orders of magnitude higher than monomeric β-CD.

Conclusions:

  • Polymerization of β-cyclodextrin dramatically increases its binding affinity to DNA.
  • Poly-β-CD exhibits concentration-dependent binding modes with DNA.
  • The findings suggest that poly-β-CD can be used to modulate DNA-cyclodextrin interactions for potential applications.