Treatment of persistent ventricular tachycardia: Drugs or ablation?
Ciorsti J MacIntyre1, John L Sapp1
1Dalhousie University, QEII Health Sciences Centre, Room 2501 F Halifax Infirmary, 1796 Summer Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3A7.
Insights
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) manage ventricular tachycardia (VT) but do not prevent recurrences. New strategies are needed to suppress VT, as current treatments like antiarrhythmic drugs and catheter ablation have limitations.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Electrophysiology
Background:
- Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) effectively reduce mortality from ventricular tachycardia (VT) and can terminate episodes.
- However, ICDs do not prevent recurrent VT episodes, necessitating further management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current strategies for suppressing recurrent ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with ICDs.
- To evaluate the efficacy and limitations of antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) and catheter ablation for VT suppression.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on VT management in patients with ICDs.
- Analysis of data regarding the effectiveness, recurrence rates, side effects, and procedural risks of AADs and catheter ablation.
Main Results:
- AADs, while potentially safer with an ICD, are associated with high recurrence rates and side effects.
- Catheter ablation offers an alternative or adjunctive approach but has incomplete efficacy and procedural risks.
Conclusions:
- Current strategies for VT suppression, including AADs and catheter ablation, have significant limitations.
- There is a need for improved therapies to effectively manage recurrent VT in patients with ICDs.
Abstract:
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) reduce the mortality risk associated with recurrent ventricular tachycardia (VT) and can frequently terminate VT episodes painlessly, but do not prevent recurrent episodes. For patients with symptomatic recurrences, frequent asymptomatic recurrences, ICD shocks, or VT storm, most clinicians recommend strategies to suppress VT. The proarrhythmic mortality risk of antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) may be mitigated by the presence of an ICD, but these medications are limited by high recurrence rates, and unfavorable side effect profiles. Catheter ablation is an alternative or adjunctive option, but is also limited by incomplete efficacy and procedural risk.
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