Structure and Function of Viral Deubiquitinating Enzymes.
Ben A Bailey-Elkin1, Robert C M Knaap2, Marjolein Kikkert2
1Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T2N2, Canada.
Viruses use deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) to suppress host antiviral immunity and promote replication. Understanding viral DUBs reveals insights into virus biology and host- P.I. defense mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Post-translational modification by ubiquitin regulates immune responses.
- Cellular deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) reverse ubiquitin modification.
- Viruses encode DUBs to evade host immunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of viral DUBs.
- To discuss their structural biology.
- To highlight their role in immune evasion and viral replication.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of viral DUBs.
- Analysis of structural biology data.
- Review of functional studies on viral DUBs.
Main Results:
- Viral DUBs are found across diverse viral lineages.
- These enzymes actively disrupt cellular ubiquitin processes.
- Viral DUBs suppress innate antiviral responses.
Conclusions:
- Viral DUBs are crucial for viral replication and immune evasion.
- Characterizing viral DUBs offers insights into host-virus interactions.
- The ubiquitin system is a key target for viral manipulation.
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