[Gastroenterologic aspects of connective tissue diseases]

Area of Science:

• Rheumatology
• Immunology
• Gastroenterology

Context:

• Connective tissue disorders (CTDs) are a diverse group of acquired diseases characterized by systemic immunologic and inflammatory alterations.
• Commonly included CTDs are rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and Sjögren's syndrome, among others.
• These conditions share features like synovitis, vasculitis, and nephritis, impacting multiple organ systems.

Purpose:

• To provide an accurate evaluation of gastrointestinal and hepatic alterations in connective tissue diseases.
• To review the literature concerning the prevalence and clinical significance of GI and hepatic involvement in CTDs.
• To highlight potential complications arising from GI and hepatic manifestations in CTDs.

Summary:

• Gastrointestinal and hepatic involvement, while not primary features, are regularly observed in connective tissue disorders.
• Symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and malabsorption are common.
• Mesenteric vasculitis can lead to severe complications like intestinal ischemia, infarction, and perforation.

Impact:

• Enhances understanding of the full spectrum of connective tissue disease manifestations.
• Informs clinical practice regarding the recognition and management of GI and hepatic complications in CTDs.
• Provides a foundation for future research into the pathogenesis and treatment of these specific manifestations.