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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Social inference often involves anchoring and adjustment away from the self.
  • Relational self theory posits using close others' knowledge for social cognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if social inferences utilize significant other knowledge as an anchor.
  • To determine if anchoring on a significant other is more effortful than self-anchoring.

Main Methods:

  • Participants provided self-data and data on a significant other.
  • Judgments were made about a target similar to the significant other.
  • Response times were measured to assess cognitive effort.

Main Results:

  • Differences between significant other and target predictions correlated with longer response times.
  • Self-target differences showed the opposite pattern, indicating significant other anchoring.
  • Dimension salience moderated these anchoring effects.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest social inferences can be anchored on significant others, not solely the self.
  • Evidence regarding the effortfulness of significant other anchoring was inconclusive.