[Fish oil in pregnancy: can it prevent asthma in children?]

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Prenatal supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids is explored for potential benefits in infant health.
• Asthma and allergic diseases are significant concerns in childhood development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effect of third-trimester fish oil supplementation on wheezing and asthma in children.
• To assess the impact on allergic sensitization and eczema development.

Main Methods:

• A randomized clinical trial involving pregnant individuals receiving fish oil supplements.
• Follow-up of children to assess respiratory symptoms and allergic outcomes up to 3-5 years of age.

Main Results:

• A significant association was found between third-trimester fish oil intake and reduced wheezing or asthma in children aged 3-5 years.
• However, key primary endpoints were modified post-hoc, and no significant effects were observed for eczema or allergic sensitization.

Conclusions:

• While a potential benefit for reducing childhood wheeze was suggested, methodological concerns and secondary outcome results limit the interpretation.
• The study does not provide sufficient evidence to recommend routine fish oil supplementation during pregnancy for preventing childhood respiratory issues.