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Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles as Radiosensitisers: An In vitro and Phantom-Based Study
Esho Qasho Youkhana1, Bryce Feltis2, Anton Blencowe3
1Discipline of Medical Radiations, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
International Journal of Medical Sciences
|June 23, 2017
Summary
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) enhance radiation dose delivery in cancer cells, showing potential for improved radiotherapy. These nanoparticles also exhibit theranostic capabilities, combining treatment and imaging.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology
- Radiotherapy
- Biophysics
Background:
- Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) are explored for their potential in medical applications.
- Radiosensitization aims to enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy in cancer treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the radiosensitizing effects of TiO2-NPs in both phantom dosimeters and in vitro cell lines.
- To compare the radiosensitization levels across different X-ray energy ranges and evaluate the underlying mechanisms.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis and characterization of anatase TiO2-NPs.
- Assessment of radiosensitization using PRESAGE® dosimeters and clonogenic/viability assays on HaCaT and DU145 cells.
- Spectrophotometric analysis to determine radiation dose enhancement.
Main Results:
- Comparable radiosensitization was observed in phantoms and cells at kilovoltage X-ray energies.
- Significant radiosensitization (~67%) was noted in cells, but not phantoms, at megavoltage energies due to ROS generation.
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in aqueous cellular environments contributes to enhanced radiosensitization.
Conclusions:
- TiO2-NPs improve radiation dose delivery efficiency, offering promise for radiotherapy enhancement.
- The theranostic potential of TiO2-NPs is highlighted, combining radiosensitization with potential imaging capabilities.
