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[Update on cutaneous dirofilariasis].

M Benzaquen1, E Marmottant1, P Parola2

  • 1Service de dermatologie, hôpital Nord, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille université, 13015 Marseille, France.

Annales De Dermatologie Et De Venereologie
|June 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human dirofilariasis, a zoonotic infection from Dirofilaria worms transmitted by mosquitoes, presents as skin nodules. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial due to rising case numbers.

Keywords:
Cellulite de WellsCutaneous dirofilariasisDirofilaria repensDirofilariose cutanéeGlobal warmingParasitoseParasitosisRéchauffement climatiqueWells’ cellulitis

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Area of Science:

  • Zoonotic infections
  • Parasitology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Dirofilariasis is a worldwide zoonotic infection caused by filarial nematodes of the genus Dirofilaria.
  • It is transmitted by mosquitoes and rarely affects humans, typically presenting as cutaneous manifestations.
  • Cutaneous dirofilariasis, specifically from D. repens, causes inflammatory lesions that progress to subcutaneous nodules, mimicking Wells' cellulitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic methods for human cutaneous dirofilariasis.
  • To emphasize the importance of accurate diagnosis and treatment of this emerging zoonotic disease.
  • To inform healthcare professionals about the increasing incidence of human dirofilariasis.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis involves skin biopsy to demonstrate the nematode.
  • Identification of the worm is achieved through macroscopic, histological, and PCR analysis.
  • Surgical resection of the nodule is the primary treatment approach.

Main Results:

  • Human cutaneous dirofilariasis cases have notably increased in recent years.
  • The condition presents with inflammatory lesions and subcutaneous nodules.
  • Accurate diagnosis is essential to prevent misdiagnosis with other dermatological conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Human dirofilariasis is an emerging zoonotic concern with increasing incidence.
  • Prompt and accurate diagnosis through parasitic identification is critical.
  • Surgical excision is the definitive treatment for cutaneous dirofilariasis.