Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diencephalon: Anatomical Regions01:30

Diencephalon: Anatomical Regions

6.0K
The diencephalon, etymologically translated as 'through brain,' plays an integral role as the conduit between the cerebrum and the vast extent of the nervous system. However, the olfactory system is an exception, as it interfaces directly with the cerebrum. The diencephalon, deeply ensconced beneath the cerebrum, primarily consists of three paired structures — the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithelamus. It also includes accessory structures such as the subthalamus, which houses the...
6.0K
Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview I01:26

Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview I

5.9K
The main and largest component of the human brain is the cerebrum. The cerebrum consists of two main parts: the cerebral cortex, an outer layer with wrinkles or folds known as gyri and shallow grooves called sulci, and a deeper region beneath it. The cerebrum divides into two distinct hemispheres and contains five different lobes: the frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, and insula. The central sulcus separates the frontal and parietal lobes and two functionally important gyri — the...
5.9K
Histology of the Small Intestine01:27

Histology of the Small Intestine

4.2K
The small intestine exhibits a unique histological structure that significantly enhances its function in digestion and nutrient absorption. These structures include circular folds, villi, and various specialized cells that collectively facilitate the digestion of food.
The intestinal lining features transverse folds called circular folds, each housing fingerlike projections known as intestinal villi. These villi are covered by a layer of simple columnar epithelium, also referred to as...
4.2K
Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

12.3K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
12.3K
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

8.1K
The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
8.1K
Diencephalon: Hypothalamus and Coordination01:23

Diencephalon: Hypothalamus and Coordination

4.6K
The hypothalamus is a small yet highly complex and essential brain region that plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions. Anatomically, it is located at the base of the brain, just above the brainstem and below the thalamus, forming part of the limbic system.
The hypothalamus interacts with other brain regions, including the pituitary gland, through a direct physical connection called the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The hypothalamus receives somatic and visceral inputs and...
4.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Efficient Deep Learning Models for Predicting Individualized Task Activation From Resting-State Functional Connectivity.

Human brain mapping·2026
Same author

Symptom Dimension-Specific Neurotransmitter Correlates of Psychopathology and Cognition in Early Psychosis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Predicting Substance Use and Psychotic-Like Experiences in Adolescents.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Refining RDoC Using Individual-Level Task fMRI Factor Models Reveals Reproducible and Clinically Relevant Brain-Wide Motifs.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Convergent and divergent brain-cognition development in early adolescence.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Predicting post-surgical visuospatial memory performance in people with drug-resistant epilepsy.

Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape·2026
Same journal

The Physics and Physiology of Electrical Stimulation of the Brain.

Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society·2026
Same journal

Neurophysiology in Postanoxic Encephalopathy: Pathophysiology, Prognosis, and Treatment.

Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society·2026
Same journal

A Review on the Functional Connectivity of the Human Opercular Cortex.

Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society·2026
Same journal

Surgical Aspects of Opercular Epilepsies.

Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society·2026
Same journal

Cost-Effectiveness of EEG Monitoring in Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury After Cardiac Arrest.

Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society·2026
Same journal

Pathophysiology and Prognostic Significance of Myoclonus in Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Innervation of Human Intestinal Organoids
07:23

Innervation of Human Intestinal Organoids

Published on: January 17, 2025

1.2K

Structure and Function of the Human Insula.

Lucina Q Uddin1, Jason S Nomi, Benjamin Hébert-Seropian

  • 1*Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, U.S.A.; †Neuroscience Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, U.S.A.; ‡Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; §Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; and ‖Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.

Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society
|June 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The insular cortex, or Island of Reil, has many subdivisions and performs diverse functions. Lesion studies and neuroimaging reveal significant functional differences across its regions.

More Related Videos

Combining Human Organoids and Organ-on-a-Chip Technology to Model Intestinal Region-Specific Functionality
10:56

Combining Human Organoids and Organ-on-a-Chip Technology to Model Intestinal Region-Specific Functionality

Published on: May 5, 2022

15.0K
High Resolution 3D Imaging of the Human Pancreas Neuro-insular Network
09:54

High Resolution 3D Imaging of the Human Pancreas Neuro-insular Network

Published on: January 29, 2018

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Innervation of Human Intestinal Organoids
07:23

Innervation of Human Intestinal Organoids

Published on: January 17, 2025

1.2K
Combining Human Organoids and Organ-on-a-Chip Technology to Model Intestinal Region-Specific Functionality
10:56

Combining Human Organoids and Organ-on-a-Chip Technology to Model Intestinal Region-Specific Functionality

Published on: May 5, 2022

15.0K
High Resolution 3D Imaging of the Human Pancreas Neuro-insular Network
09:54

High Resolution 3D Imaging of the Human Pancreas Neuro-insular Network

Published on: January 29, 2018

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroanatomy
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • The insular cortex, also known as the Island of Reil, is located deep within the brain's lateral sulcus.
  • It is characterized by multiple subdivisions identified through cytoarchitectonics, sulcal landmarks, and connectivity patterns.
  • The insula plays a role in a broad spectrum of human functions, including sensory, affective, and cognitive processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a concise summary of the structural and functional characteristics of the human insular cortex.
  • To highlight the functional heterogeneity of the insula.
  • To focus on lesion case studies and recent neuroimaging findings.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on insular cortex structure and function.
  • Analysis of lesion case studies.
  • Examination of recent neuroimaging evidence.

Main Results:

  • The insular cortex can be divided into 2 to 13 distinct subdivisions based on different parcellation techniques.
  • Evidence suggests considerable functional heterogeneity within the insular cortex.
  • Lesion studies and neuroimaging data support distinct functional roles for different insular subdivisions.

Conclusions:

  • The human insular cortex is a complex region with significant structural and functional specialization.
  • Understanding the heterogeneity of the insula is crucial for comprehending its role in diverse cognitive and affective functions.
  • Further research integrating lesion and neuroimaging data will refine our understanding of insular cortex organization.