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Related Concept Videos

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins01:03

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

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For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
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Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

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Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
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RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...
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Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

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DNA Distortion and Damage
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Examination of Proteins Bound to Nascent DNA in Mammalian Cells Using BrdU-ChIP-Slot-Western Technique
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RNA Binding Proteins and Genome Integrity.

Kensei Nishida1, Yuki Kuwano2, Tatsuya Nishikawa3

  • 1Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan. knishida@tokushima-u.ac.jp.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are crucial for maintaining genome integrity by participating in DNA damage response and repair. This review highlights their essential roles in preventing DNA damage and ensuring cellular survival.

Keywords:
DNA damage responseR-loopRNA-binding proteintelomere

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Genome integrity is vital for cellular survival and is threatened by various stressors.
  • The DNA damage response network, involving DNA-binding proteins, counteracts these threats.
  • Emerging evidence implicates RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and RNA metabolism in DNA repair processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and highlight the critical roles of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in maintaining genome integrity.
  • To explore the involvement of RBPs in DNA damage prevention and repair mechanisms.
  • To underscore the intricate association between RNA metabolism and genome stability.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on RBPs and DNA damage response.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms by which RBPs are recruited to DNA damage sites.
  • Synthesis of findings on the roles of non-coding RNAs and RNA modifications in DNA repair.

Main Results:

  • Several RBPs are recruited to DNA damage sites and directly participate in DNA repair.
  • Non-coding RNAs are involved in RNA-mediated DNA repair systems.
  • RNA modifications, like m6A methylation, may contribute to DNA damage response, particularly to UV damage.

Conclusions:

  • RNA metabolism plays a more significant role in cellular functions, including genome maintenance, than previously understood.
  • RBPs are essential players in the network that maintains genome integrity.
  • Further research into RNA-related mechanisms will deepen our understanding of genome stability.