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Related Experiment Videos

Is migraine explained by Leao's spreading depression?

J M Pearce

    Lancet (London, England)
    |October 5, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Spreading depression (SD), a brain activity disruption, mirrors migraine aura progression and blood flow changes observed in migraine patients. This suggests SD may initiate migraine, warranting further human research.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Neurology
    • Pathophysiology

    Background:

    • Spreading depression (SD) is a transient disruption of neural activity.
    • SD involves ion flux (Na+, Ca++, Cl-) and electrical changes in brain tissue.
    • The spread of SD resembles the progression of migraine aura.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the potential link between spreading depression and migraine aura.
    • To compare physiological changes during SD in animals with those observed in human migraine.

    Main Methods:

    • Observational study comparing SD propagation in animal models with human migraine aura characteristics.
    • Analysis of ion flux and electrical activity during SD.
    • Monitoring of regional cerebral blood flow changes in animal experiments.

    Main Results:

    • The rate of SD spread closely correlates with the observed spread of classical migraine aura.
    • Animal experiments showed regional cerebral blood flow changes mimicking those in human migraine aura.
    • SD involves a wave of neural excitation followed by silence and significant ion shifts.

    Conclusions:

    • Spreading depression presents a plausible mechanism for initiating migraine.
    • The physiological similarities between SD and migraine aura support viewing migraine as a cerebral disorder.
    • Further investigation of SD in humans is encouraged to confirm its role in migraine pathogenesis.

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