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Updated: Feb 27, 2026

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Materials and processing approaches for foundry-compatible transient electronics.

Jan-Kai Chang1,2, Hui Fang3, Christopher A Bower4

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|June 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed water-soluble silicon electronics using standard semiconductor manufacturing. This breakthrough enables biodegradable devices for diverse applications, from implants to secure data storage.

Keywords:
biodegradable electronicshydrolysissoft electronicstransfer printingundercut etching

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Transient electronics offer unique applications like biodegradable implants and secure data storage.
  • Current manufacturing methods for advanced electronics are not inherently biodegradable or water-soluble.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore foundry-based manufacturing of high-performance, water-soluble silicon electronics.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) foundries for transient electronics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing biodegradable materials (silicon, tungsten, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide) compatible with CMOS processes.
  • Employing release schemes and transfer printing for integrating ultrathin components onto biodegradable polymer substrates.
  • Implementing planarization and metallization for creating functional, interconnected systems.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated various CMOS devices and circuit elements with transient properties.
  • Demonstrated high-performance electrical characteristics of the developed transient silicon electronics.
  • Characterized dissolution kinetics in aqueous environments, confirming transient behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Foundry-based routes are technically feasible for producing sophisticated transient electronic devices.
  • The developed technology supports diverse applications in biomedical, military, industrial, and consumer sectors.
  • Transient silicon electronics offer a cost-effective and functional solution for specialized electronic needs.