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Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

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Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis and Associated Abnormal Speech and Language Development.

Sanjay Naran^1,2, Matthew Miller^1,2, Sameer Shakir^1,2

¹Pittsburgh and Philadelphia, Pa.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

|June 28, 2017

Summary

Children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis often experience speech and language delays. Over half of patients in this study showed abnormalities, indicating a higher need for speech therapy compared to the general population.

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Published on: May 26, 2014

Area of Science:

Pediatric neurology
Speech-language pathology
Craniofacial anomalies

Background:

Nonsyndromic craniosynostosis (NSC) is a congenital condition affecting skull development.
While neurodevelopment in NSC is studied, early language and speech are less understood.
This study focuses on characterizing speech and language development in children with NSC.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize early language acquisition and speech development in children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis.
To determine the prevalence of speech and language abnormalities in this population.
To assess the need for speech therapy in children with NSC.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of 101 patients with NSC (2000-2014).
Exclusion of patients with identified syndromes.
Data collected included age, velopharyngeal adequacy (Pittsburgh Weighted Speech Scale), motor delay, language/articulation disorders, and speech therapy recommendations. Submucous cleft palate diagnosis was noted.

Main Results:

56.4% of patients exhibited speech/language abnormalities.
Common issues included anatomical motor delay (29.7%), language delay/disorder (21.8%), and velopharyngeal insufficiency (23.8%).
25.8% had a submucous cleft palate, and 29.7% were recommended for speech therapy.

Conclusions:

Abnormal speech and language development affects 1 in 1.7 patients with NSC.
Speech therapy is warranted for 1 in 3.4 patients with NSC.
The prevalence of speech/language issues in NSC is 2-5 times higher than in the general pediatric population.