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Carbohydrate intake and training efficacy - a randomized cross-over study.

Florian Beaudouin1, Frederic Joerg1, Anette Hilpert1

  • 1a Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine , Saarland University, Faculty of Clinical Medicine , Saarbrücken , Germany.

Journal of Sports Sciences
|June 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Consuming carbohydrates before endurance exercise may slightly reduce training effectiveness. This study found that while exercise improved fitness regardless of carbohydrate intake, the gains were potentially less pronounced with carbohydrate consumption.

Keywords:
Glucose monohydrateaerobic exercisemaximum oxygen uptakephysiological adaptation

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sports Nutrition
  • Human Performance

Background:

  • Carbohydrate availability influences cellular homeostasis during exercise.
  • This may impact the adaptive response to endurance training.
  • The effect of carbohydrate intake on training efficacy is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of carbohydrate intake on endurance training adaptation.
  • To compare the efficacy of training with and without pre-exercise carbohydrate consumption.
  • To assess changes in maximal oxygen uptake and ventilatory anaerobic threshold.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized cross-over trial with a 23-participant cohort.
  • Two 8-week training periods: one with 50g glucose intake before exercise, one without.
  • Training involved 4x45 min running/walking sessions/week at 70% heart rate reserve.
  • Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VT) measured via gas exchange analysis before and after each period.

Main Results:

  • Both VO2max and VT increased significantly after training in both conditions (with and without carbohydrate intake).
  • The magnitude of improvement in VO2max and VT was not statistically different between the carbohydrate and non-carbohydrate conditions.
  • Confidence intervals suggest a potential, albeit small, impairment in VO2max with carbohydrate intake.

Conclusions:

  • Endurance training improves VO2max and VT irrespective of pre-exercise carbohydrate intake.
  • Carbohydrate consumption before endurance exercise might potentially attenuate the training adaptations.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the precise impact of carbohydrate availability on training efficacy.