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Large-scale Three-dimensional Imaging of Cellular Organization in the Mouse Neocortex
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Transcriptomic Perspectives on Neocortical Structure, Development, Evolution, and Disease.

Ed S Lein1, T Grant Belgard2, Michael Hawrylycz1

  • 1Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, Washington 98103; email: edl@alleninstitute.org , mikeh@alleninstitute.org.

Annual Review of Neuroscience
|June 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transcriptomics reveals the genetic blueprint of the cerebral cortex, detailing its cellular structure, development, and evolutionary comparisons. This approach is crucial for understanding neurological disorders like autism.

Keywords:
autismcerebral cortexchickhumanmousenonhuman primatetranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The cerebral cortex underpins complex cognition and is implicated in neurological disorders.
  • Transcriptomics provides a powerful lens to study the genetic code of the brain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the genetic architecture of the cerebral cortex using high-throughput transcriptomics.
  • To investigate cortical development, comparative anatomy, and the genetic basis of neurodevelopmental diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing advanced transcriptomic technologies for high-throughput gene expression analysis.
  • Applying single-cell resolution to dissect cortical layers, cell types, and developmental patterns.

Main Results:

  • Detailed mapping of adult cortical areas, layers, and cell types.
  • Revealed significant differences and conserved features in cortical evolution across mammals and avians.
  • Linked genetic findings to specific molecular pathways in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Transcriptomics offers unprecedented insight into cortical organization and function.
  • Comparative transcriptomics highlights evolutionary divergence and conservation in brain structures.
  • This field is advancing the understanding and potential treatment of conditions like autism.