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The global cancer burden and human development: A review
Miranda M Fidler1, Freddie Bray1, Isabelle Soerjomataram1
1Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, France.
Scandinavian Journal of Public Health
|July 4, 2017
Summary
Cancer burden disparities persist globally. Less developed nations face higher mortality and future incidence increases, necessitating international support for cancer control and reduced survival gaps.
Area of Science:
- Global Health
- Oncology
- Socioeconomic Determinants of Health
Background:
- Cancer incidence is increasing globally, with significant variations observed across different socioeconomic strata.
- The Human Development Index (HDI) serves as a crucial metric for understanding global health disparities and their impact on disease burden.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the relationship between human development, using the Human Development Index (HDI), and the global cancer burden.
- To investigate disparities in cancer incidence, mortality, risk factors, and outcomes across countries with varying levels of human development.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive review of studies assessing the global cancer burden in relation to the Human Development Index (HDI).
- Categorization of countries into four HDI levels: low, medium, high, and very high, to compare cancer-related metrics.
Main Results:
- Higher HDI countries currently have greater cancer incidence, but less developed countries bear a disproportionately larger share of the global cancer mortality burden.
- Future cancer incidence is projected to rise significantly in low and medium HDI countries, with notable disparities in premature life loss and life expectancy gains.
- Significant differences in cancer risk factors and outcomes were observed between lower and higher HDI settings.
Conclusions:
- Clear global disparities in cancer burden exist, strongly correlated with national Human Development Index (HDI) scores.
- International cooperation is essential to support countries undergoing socioeconomic transitions in developing and implementing effective cancer control strategies.
- Targeted interventions are crucial to mitigate the widening gap in cancer occurrence and survival rates worldwide.
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