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Performance of a fast and high-resolution multi-echo spin-echo sequence for prostate T2 mapping across multiple

Petra J van Houdt1, Harsh K Agarwal2,3, Laurens D van Buuren1

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

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Summary

This study demonstrates that T2 mapping of the prostate using a multi-echo spin-echo sequence with k-t undersampling is reproducible. This technique allows for reliable measurement of T2 values in small prostate structures within a clinically feasible timeframe.

Keywords:
T2 mappingk-space undersamplingmulticenterprostate cancer imagingquantitativerepeatability

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Prostate Cancer Imaging
  • Quantitative MRI

Background:

  • Accurate T2 mapping of the prostate is crucial for characterizing tissue properties in prostate cancer.
  • Traditional T2 mapping sequences can be time-consuming, limiting clinical applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of a multi-echo spin-echo sequence with k-t undersampling (k-t T2) for prostate cancer imaging.
  • To assess the bias, repeatability, and reproducibility of this technique across multiple MRI systems.

Main Methods:

  • Phantom experiments were conducted on five MRI systems to determine bias and repeatability (wCV).
  • Long-term repeatability was assessed over monthly intervals on two systems.
  • Clinical repeatability was evaluated in 13 prostate cancer patients, acquiring two T2 maps per patient.

Main Results:

  • Phantom studies showed minimal bias (median -0.9 ms) and excellent short-term repeatability (median wCV 0.5%).
  • Inter-system reproducibility was 1.7%, with long-term repeatability at 0.9-1.1%.
  • In patients, T2 values were significantly lower in tumors (79 ms) compared to the peripheral zone (149 ms), with a median wCV of 15% at voxel level, decreasing to 4% for structures of 0.5 cm³.

Conclusions:

  • Reproducible T2 mapping of the prostate is achievable with good spatial resolution.
  • The k-t T2 technique allows for reliable measurement of T2 in small prostate structures (≥0.5 cm³) within a clinically reasonable scan time.