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Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices
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A Microfluidic pH Measurement Device with a Flowing Liquid Junction.

Akira Yamada1, Miho Suzuki2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, Toyota 470-0392, Japan. a-yamada@aitech.ac.jp.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
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This study introduces a novel microfluidic pH measurement system using ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs). The new device offers rapid and accurate pH determination for aqueous solutions, overcoming limitations of conventional methods.

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Electrochemistry
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Conventional pH measurement systems using glass electrodes or ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) can be slow, especially for solutions with low buffering capacity.
  • Existing potentiometric methods often require larger sample volumes and longer measurement times, limiting their application in certain scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a new microfluidic pH measurement system utilizing ISFET sensors for faster and more efficient pH determination.
  • To assess the performance characteristics of the novel system, including response time, linearity, and accuracy, particularly for challenging sample types.

Main Methods:

  • A microfluidic device was engineered with two inlets and one outlet, incorporating a Y-shaped channel.
Keywords:
ISFETflowing junctionliquid junctionmicrofluidic devicepHpH-FET

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  • Two ISFET sensors and an Ag/AgCl pseudo reference electrode were integrated into the microfluidic channel for differential measurement.
  • Sample and baseline solutions were introduced via gravity-driven pumps to create a flowing liquid junction for real-time pH sensing.

    • Main Results:

    • The microfluidic system demonstrated a rapid 90% response time within 2 seconds for approximately 2.0 mL of sample solution.
    • The calibrated sensor signal exhibited excellent linearity across a wide pH range (1.68-10.0) with a high correlation factor (0.9997).
    • The measurement error for various solutions, including diluted ones, was found to be minimal (0.0343 ± 0.0974 pH average error ± S.D.).

    Conclusions:

    • The developed microfluidic pH measurement system offers a significant improvement in speed and efficiency compared to conventional methods.
    • The device's small sample volume requirement, fast response, and high accuracy make it a promising innovative technology for potentiometry.
    • This technology has the potential to advance applications requiring rapid and precise pH monitoring in diverse aqueous environments.