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Related Concept Videos

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia01:27

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Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
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Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
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Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
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Depression in multiple sclerosis.

Scott B Patten1, Ruth Ann Marrie2,3, Mauro G Carta4

  • 1a Department of Community Health Sciences , University of Calgary, Calgary , Alberta , Canada.

International Review of Psychiatry (Abingdon, England)
|July 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Depression affects up to 50% of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, with biological and lifestyle factors contributing. Standard treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy and antidepressants show effectiveness for depression in MS.

Keywords:
Depressiondepressive disordersmajor depressive disordermultiple sclerosis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Depressive disorders are highly prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS), occurring in up to 50% of patients.
  • MS-related depression rates are 2-3 times higher than in the general population.
  • Etiology is multifactorial, involving biological mechanisms and psychosocial stressors associated with living with MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence, etiology, and management of depression in multiple sclerosis.
  • To assess the validity of standard depression measurement scales in MS patients.
  • To evaluate the evidence for depression treatment effectiveness in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on depression in multiple sclerosis.
  • Analysis of etiological factors, including biological and psychosocial aspects.
  • Evaluation of data on detection, measurement, and treatment of depression in MS.

Main Results:

  • Standard depression scales are considered valid for use in MS.
  • Traditional risk factors for depression (e.g., younger age, female sex) are less consistently associated with depression in MS.
  • Evidence supports the effectiveness of standard treatments, including cognitive behavioral therapies and antidepressant medications, for depression in MS.

Conclusions:

  • Depression is a common and significant comorbidity in multiple sclerosis.
  • Management strategies for depression in MS should align with general principles, with available evidence supporting standard therapies.
  • Further research into depression management in MS is warranted, despite current evidence supporting established treatments.