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Updated: Feb 26, 2026

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The lateral "backdoor" approach to open thyroid surgery: A comparative study.

R M Singaporewalla1, B C Tan1, A D Rao1

  • 1Endocrine Surgical Service, Department of Surgery, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore.

Asian Journal of Surgery
|July 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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The lateral approach (LA) for thyroidectomy offers similar safety and operative times to the traditional midline approach (MA) but with significantly less post-operative pain. This technique also reduces the need for strap muscle transection, especially for large goiters.

Area of Science:

  • Surgical Oncology
  • Endocrine Surgery
  • Anatomy and Surgical Approaches

Background:

  • Conventional open thyroidectomy typically uses a midline approach (MA), involving strap muscle splitting.
  • The lateral approach (LA) utilizes the same incision but accesses the thyroid between the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle and strap muscles, often reserved for re-do surgeries.
  • This study compares MA and LA in primary conventional open thyroidectomy patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the outcomes of the midline approach (MA) versus the lateral approach (LA) in conventional open thyroidectomy.
  • To evaluate post-operative pain, operative time, complications, and the need for strap muscle division between the two surgical techniques.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 90 patients undergoing conventional open thyroidectomy between 2012 and 2014.
Keywords:
BackdoorLateral approachOpen throidectomySternomastoid

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  • 45 patients underwent the midline approach (MA), and 45 patients underwent the lateral approach (LA).
  • Data collected included demographics, operative time, incision length, gland weight, strap muscle transection, and complications. Patients received local anesthetic infiltration.
  • Main Results:

    • No significant differences were observed in demographics, operative time, gland weight, or incision length between the MA and LA groups.
    • The lateral approach (LA) group reported significantly lower post-operative pain scores compared to the midline approach (MA) group.
    • Strap muscle transection was required in 11% of MA patients versus 2.2% of LA patients for large goiters. No major complications occurred in either group.

    Conclusions:

    • The lateral approach (LA) is a safe alternative to the midline approach (MA) for conventional open thyroidectomy.
    • LA offers comparable operative efficiency to MA but with significantly reduced post-operative pain.
    • LA minimizes strap muscle separation and division, particularly beneficial for removing large goiters.