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Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

59
Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
59
Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions01:16

Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions

64
Idiosyncratic drug reactions represent abnormal chemical responses that vary significantly among individuals, ranging from extreme sensitivity to low doses to insensitivity to high doses. These reactions often occur due to the drug's covalent binding with serum proteins, forming a foreign hapten that triggers an immunotoxicological response. The variability in drug reactions has a strong pharmacogenetic foundation, with genetic differences crucial in how individuals metabolize drugs. For...
64

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Variation in aluminium patch test reactivity over time.

Ingrid Siemund1,2, Martin Mowitz1, Erik Zimerson1

  • 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden.

Contact Dermatitis
|July 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patch test reactivity to aluminium can vary significantly over time. This means individuals with aluminium allergy might experience false-negative results, necessitating repeat testing if allergy is suspected.

Keywords:
allergic contact dermatitisaluminiumdelayed hypersensitivitypatch testing

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Increasing reports of contact allergy to aluminium.
  • Concerns regarding the reproducibility of aluminium patch tests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the variability of patch test reactivity to aluminium over an 8-month period.
  • To investigate potential fluctuations in allergic responses to aluminium compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-one adults with prior positive aluminium patch tests were retested.
  • Equimolar dilution series of aluminium chloride hexahydrate and aluminium lactate were used.
  • Testing was conducted four times over 8 months.

Main Results:

  • A significant percentage of tests yielded negative results (43% for aluminium chloride, 58% for aluminium lactate).
  • Reactivity varied widely, with minimal eliciting concentrations differing up to 320-fold between tests.
  • Individual differences in patch test responses were substantial.

Conclusions:

  • Patch test reactivity to aluminium is not constant and can fluctuate over time.
  • False-negative patch test reactions in aluminium-allergic individuals are possible.
  • Repeat patch testing for aluminium is recommended when clinical suspicion is high.