Contextual Influences of Trainee Characteristics and Daily Workload on Trainee Learning Preferences

We previously defined teaching domains necessary for successful inpatient medicine attending rounds from the trainees' perspective in Role Modeling, Learning Environment, Teaching Process and Team Management. We sought to understand whether trainee characteristics and daily fluctuations in workload influence the prioritization of these domains. We conducted a prospective observational study in general medicine inpatient wards at a university, Veterans Affairs, and a county hospital affiliated with one academic institution over the course of 6 months. All student and resident trainees on internal medicine inpatient wards were eligible to participate. We designed a daily assessment tool on which trainees were asked to identify the teaching domain most important to them, along with information on sex, training level, call-cycle day, patient census, and number of team members absent during rounds. We examined associations between training level and workload factors with the prioritized teaching domain using Pearson's chi-square analysis, adjusted for clustering effects. We collected 1,378 daily assessment cards evaluating 53 (91%) attending physicians. Students valued Teaching Process (𝑃 < 0.001), while senior residents sought Team Management (𝑃 < 0.001). On most days, Teaching Process was prioritized (𝑃 = 0.005). On post-call days and days with a high patient census, Team Management was prioritized (𝑃 < 0.001). Attending physicians may consider tailoring rounds in response to work-related pressures. Days with a high workload are better suited for demonstrating efficient and effective patient care skills.