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Mechanism of action of mRNA-based vaccines

Carlo Iavarone1, Derek T O'hagan1, Dong Yu1

  • 1a GSK Vaccines , Rockville , MD , USA.

Expert Review of Vaccines
|July 14, 2017
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Next-generation messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines benefit from a deeper understanding of their mechanisms. This review covers mRNA bio-distribution, immunity, and delivery systems to guide rational vaccine design.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine technology has rapidly advanced.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of action is crucial for further development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of action for mRNA vaccine technology.
  • To guide rational design of next-generation mRNA vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on mRNA vaccines.
  • Analysis of key factors influencing vaccine efficacy and safety.

Main Results:

  • Key areas covered include mRNA bio-distribution and antigen production.
  • The role of innate and adaptive immunity is examined.
  • Effects of administration routes and delivery systems are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms enables rational design of improved mRNA vaccines.
  • Further research will enhance the effectiveness and safety of this medicine class.
Keywords:
Intrinsic adjuvanticityantiviral responsedelivery systeminnate immunityoptimizationself-amplifying mRNA (SAM)type I interferon

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