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Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Electrochemical Etching and Characterization of Sharp Field Emission Points for Electron Impact Ionization
Published on: July 12, 2016
Multipoint Measurements of the Electron Jet of Symmetric Magnetic Reconnection with a Moderate Guide Field
F D Wilder1, R E Ergun1,2, S Eriksson1
1Laboratory of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA.
Abstract:
We report observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) satellites of the electron jet in a symmetric magnetic reconnection event with moderate guide field. All four spacecraft sampled the ion diffusion region and observed the electron exhaust. The observations suggest that the presence of the guide field leads to an asymmetric Hall field, which results in an electron jet skewed towards the separatrix with a nonzero component along the magnetic field. The jet appears in conjunction with a spatially and temporally persistent parallel electric field ranging from -3 to -5 mV/m, which led to dissipation on the order of 8 nW/m^{3}. The parallel electric field heats electrons that drift through it, and is associated with a streaming instability and electron phase space holes.
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