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Updated: Jul 30, 2026
Therapy Testing in a Spheroid-based 3D Cell Culture Model for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Published on: April 20, 2018
Population-based reference values for the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Head and Neck
Eva Hammerlid1, Ali Adnan1, Ewa Silander1
1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg University, Sweden.
Background:
The purpose of this study was to establish population-based norms for the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Head and Neck 35 (EORTC QLQ-HN35) to be used as references to facilitate the interpretation of results from health-related quality of life (HRQOL) studies of patients with head and neck cancer.
Methods:
The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and QLQ-HN35 were sent to a random sample representing the Swedish general population.
Results:
The response rate was 69% (1504 participants of 2200 invited). The scores for the QLQ-C30 were comparable to previously published reference values. The reference values for the QLQ-HN35 were low, indicating few head and neck-specific problems in the population. For illustrative purposes, we also compared these reference values to our previously published HRQOL results obtained from patients with head and neck cancer at diagnosis and from 3-year survivors.
Conclusion:
These new reference values for EORTC QLQ-HN35 may be useful in future HRQOL studies.
