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Updated: Feb 26, 2026
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Methods for In Vivo Biomechanical Testing on Brachial Plexus in Neonatal Piglets
Published on: December 19, 2019
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Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Palsy
Patricia O'Berry1, Mackenzie Brown1, Leslie Phillips1
1Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC.
Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care
|July 16, 2017
Summary
Obstetrical brachial plexus palsy, a peripheral nervous system disorder, affects up to 0.4% of newborns. This birth injury can lead to long-term functional impairment in up to 35% of affected children.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Obstetrics
Background:
- Obstetrical brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) is a peripheral nervous system disorder affecting newborns.
- It occurs in up to 0.4% of births, often linked to shoulder dystocia, difficult deliveries, and macrosomia.
- OBPP results from nerve injury during delivery, typically due to lateral traction on the infant's head.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the key aspects of obstetrical brachial plexus palsy.
- To highlight the causes, presentation, and potential outcomes of this neonatal condition.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on obstetrical brachial plexus palsy.
- Analysis of incidence, risk factors, and clinical presentation.
Main Results:
- OBPP is associated with vaginal deliveries, shoulder dystocia, mechanical extraction, and macrosomia.
- Infants present with reduced arm movement and asymmetric reflexes.
- Nerve damage severity ranges from stretch injuries to complete avulsion.
Conclusions:
- While recovery is possible, prognosis for OBPP is variable.
- Up to 35% of children may experience lifelong functional impairment of the affected limb.
- Early recognition and understanding of risk factors are crucial for managing OBPP.
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