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Genomics, Biology, and Human Illness: Advances in the Monogenic Autoinflammatory Diseases
Hirotsugu Oda1, Daniel L Kastner2
1Inflammatory Disease Section, Intramural Research Program, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B3-4129, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Kitano Hospital, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, 2-4-20, Ohgimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-8480, Japan.
Abstract:
The monogenic autoinflammatory diseases are a group of illnesses with prominent rheumatic manifestations that are characterized by genetically determined recurrent sterile inflammation and are thus inborn errors of innate immunity. Molecular targeted therapies against inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor, and intracellular cytokine signaling pathways have proved effective in many cases. Emerging next-generation sequencing technologies have accelerated the identification of previously unreported genes causing autoinflammatory diseases. This review covers several of the prominent recent advances in the field of autoinflammatory diseases, including gene discoveries, the elucidation of new pathogenic mechanisms, and the development of effective targeted therapies.
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