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Bacterial Profile And Antibiogram Of Otitis Media Among Children In Yemen
Mabrook Aidah Bin Mohanna1, Abdurrahman Ali Bahannan2
1Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
Insights
This study identified Staphylococcus aureus as the primary cause of otitis media in children in Sana'a. Cefotaxime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, azithromycin, and gentamicin showed high effectiveness against common bacterial agents.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Otitis media (OM) is a prevalent global disease, disproportionately affecting children in developing nations and lower socioeconomic groups.
- Identifying causative bacteria and their antibiotic resistance is crucial for effective treatment in affected populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the bacterial etiologic agents of otitis media (OM) in children.
- To analyze the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of these identified bacterial agents.
- To provide data for guiding appropriate antibacterial therapy in pediatric OM cases.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to October 2015.
- 150 children clinically diagnosed with OM and exhibiting ear discharge were enrolled.
- Bacterial isolates from ear discharge were identified using standard microbiological and biochemical tests.
Main Results:
- Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent isolate (44%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.67%), Enterococcus species (12.67%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (10%).
- High sensitivity rates were observed for Staphylococcus aureus against cefotaxime (98%) and azithromycin (98%).
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed 100% sensitivity to cefotaxime, while Enterococcus species demonstrated 85% sensitivity to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid.
Conclusions:
- Staphylococcus aureus is the predominant bacterial pathogen causing otitis media in the studied pediatric population.
- Effective antibiotics for treating pediatric otitis media include cefotaxime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, azithromycin, and gentamicin.
- Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is essential for optimizing antibacterial treatment strategies in otitis media.
Background:
Otitis media is a worldwide disease and is higher in developing countries, particularly among the low socioeconomic levels of the society. The aim of the study is to identify the bacterial etiologic agents of otitis media (OM) and their antibiotics sensitivity patterns among children in Specialized Sam Paediatric Centre (SSPC) and Al-Mamoon Diagnostic Medical Centre (AMDC), in Sana'a city.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done in SSPC and AMDC from January to October 2015. A total of 150 patients who had ear pus discharge and clinically diagnosed as OM were included in this study. Samples of ear discharge were collected, bacteriologically tested by standard methods and bacterial strains were identified using biochemical testes. Questionnaire was administered on patients or parents that cover the age, gender and the duration of symptoms.
Results:
A total of 150 children with OM, their age ranged from below 1-15 years (85 males and 65 females). Children less than 5 years of age were 100 and 50 with age ranged from 6-15 years. Bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (44%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.67%), Enterococcus species (12.67%), and Streptococcus pneumonia (10%). Bacterial culture revealed that, Staphylococcus aureus sensitivity to cefotaxime and azithromycin was 98%, to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was 92% and it was 85% to gentamicin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa sensitivity to cefotaxime was 100%, to azithromycin and gentamicin was 98% and it was 80% to cefaclor. Enterococcus sensitivity to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was 85%, to azithromycin was 80%, and it was 75% to cefotaxime, and gentamicin.
Conclusions:
The most common microorganism isolated was Staphylococcus aureus followed by Pseudomonas, Enterococcus species, and then Streptococcus pneumonia. The most effective antibiotics were cefotaxime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, azithromycin and gentamicin. Therefore, knowledge of antimicrobial susceptibility test is essential for guiding appropriate antibacterial therapy.
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