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Engineering Molecular Immunity Against Plant Viruses.

Syed Shan-E-Ali Zaidi1, Manal Tashkandi2, Magdy M Mahfouz2

  • 1Laboratory for Genome Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia; National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan.

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
|July 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Genomic engineering, including CRISPR/Cas9, can create plant immunity against DNA and RNA viruses. This technology offers a powerful strategy to protect crops from various viral infections.

Keywords:
CRISPR/Cas9GeminivirusesGenome engineeringSite-specific nucleaseTobacco rattle virus

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biotechnology
  • Molecular biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Genomic engineering enables precise DNA modifications for applications like gene editing and mutagenesis.
  • Plant viruses, such as Tobacco rattle virus, are utilized as vectors for delivering genome-engineering tools.
  • Engineered molecular immunity in plants can target pathogens, including viruses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the application of site-specific nucleases for engineering molecular immunity in plants against viral pathogens.
  • To explore the potential of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9) systems in conferring plant immunity.
  • To address challenges in developing plants resistant to single and mixed viral infections.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing site-specific nucleases, including CRISPR/Cas9 systems, to target viral genomes.
  • Employing plant viruses as vectors for delivering genome-engineering reagents.
  • Investigating the interference of CRISPR/Cas9 with viral activity in planta.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 systems effectively target DNA viruses, inhibiting viral activity and reducing disease symptoms in plants.
  • The CRISPR/Cas9 system demonstrates efficacy in conferring plant immunity against both single and multiple viral infections.
  • Engineered molecular immunity provides a promising approach for plant protection against viral diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Site-specific nucleases, particularly CRISPR/Cas9, are valuable tools for engineering robust molecular immunity in plants against a spectrum of viral threats.
  • This technology holds significant potential for developing crops with enhanced resistance to viral diseases, addressing challenges in single and mixed infections.
  • Further research into overcoming production challenges will facilitate the widespread application of engineered plant immunity in agriculture.