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Understanding low radiation background biology through controlled evolution experiments.

Nathanael Lampe1, Vincent Breton1, David Sarramia1

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire CNRS/IN2P3 Université Clermont Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand France.

Evolutionary Applications
|July 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary
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Life responds to subtle radiation changes with altered cell growth and inheritable gene regulation. Underground experiments reveal potential epigenetic mechanisms and evolutionary impacts of low-dose radiation exposure.

Area of Science:

  • Biology
  • Radiation Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Biological experiments in underground labs show life responding to minor radiation background shifts.
  • Observed effects include hormetic behavior in cell growth and lasting changes in antioxidant regulation.
  • These responses occur even to radiation changes nearly undetectable by cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent underground experiments on low-dose radiation effects.
  • To outline potential biological mechanisms mediating cellular responses to low radiation.
  • To highlight the utility of multigenerational and controlled evolution studies in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Summarizing a decade of underground biological experiments.
  • Investigating cellular mechanisms like cell signaling, DNA repair, and antioxidant regulation.
Keywords:
adaptationevolvabilityhormesislow‐doseradiation

Related Experiment Videos

  • Employing multigenerational studies and controlled evolution experiments with model organisms.

    • Main Results:

    • Life exhibits unconventional responses to small radiation background changes.
    • Observed rapid cell growth changes (hormesis) and inheritable alterations in antioxidant regulation.
    • Low-dose radiation can induce epimutations that propagate through populations.

    Conclusions:

    • Epigenetic pathways likely mediate cellular responses to low-dose radiation.
    • Multigenerational studies are crucial for understanding these radiation-induced evolutionary responses.
    • Findings offer insights into biological responses in diverse radiation environments, from mines to reactors.