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A modified schedule for routine pertussis immunization.

T A Swartz, M Roumiantzeff, L Peyron

    Developments in Biological Standardization
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Two or three doses of diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus-polio vaccine provide strong pertussis immunity in infants. Both vaccination schedules resulted in high antibody levels and sustained protection one and two years post-booster.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric immunology
    • Vaccinology
    • Infectious disease

    Background:

    • Infant immunization schedules are critical for establishing protective immunity.
    • The pertussis component of combined vaccines requires evaluation for optimal immunogenicity.
    • Assessing serologic responses to pertussis antigen is key for vaccine efficacy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the serologic response to pertussis antigen in infants receiving two vs. three primary doses of a combined diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus-polio vaccine.
    • To evaluate the impact of different primary vaccination regimens on antibody persistence and booster response.

    Main Methods:

    • Infants received either two primary doses (2, 3.5 months) or three primary doses (2, 4, 6 months) of a quadruple inactivated vaccine.
    • Pertussis agglutination titers were measured to assess immune response (≥1:10).

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  • Seroconversion rates and geometric mean titers (GMTs) were analyzed post-primary doses, post-booster, and at 1-2 years after the booster.

    • Main Results:

    • Two primary doses induced an immune response in approximately 92% of infants, comparable to three doses.
    • 100% seroconversion was observed in both groups one month after the booster dose.
    • Antibodies persisted in 100% of children at 1-2 years post-booster, with higher GMTs in the three-dose group.

    Conclusions:

    • Two primary doses of the evaluated vaccine are nearly as effective as three doses in inducing an initial pertussis immune response.
    • Both vaccination regimens elicit robust and durable antibody levels following a booster dose.
    • The findings support flexibility in infant immunization schedules for pertussis protection.