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Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Agarose-based Tissue Mimicking Optical Phantoms for Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy

Agarose-based Tissue Mimicking Optical Phantoms for Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy

Published on: August 22, 2018

Solid tissue simulating phantoms having absorption at 970 nm for diffuse optics.

Gordon T Kennedy¹, Griffin R Lentsch¹, Brandon Trieu¹

¹University of California, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, Irvine, California, United States.

Journal of Biomedical Optics

|July 21, 2017

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Researchers developed a novel poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) tissue phantom to simulate varying tissue water fractions for diffuse optical device evaluation. This solid phantom offers improved usability and stability for applications like burn wound triage.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Optics
Materials Science

Background:

Tissue-simulating phantoms are crucial for evaluating diffuse optical devices.
Existing solid phantoms often focus on hemoglobin or melanin, not tissue water.
A need exists for phantoms mimicking tissue water content for specific clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) based solid phantom that accurately mimics the spectral characteristics of tissue water.
To create phantoms capable of simulating diverse tissue water fractions for device testing.
To provide a stable, transportable, and long-lasting phantom alternative to liquid or gelatin-based options.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of PDMS phantoms incorporating 9606 dye to replicate water's absorption near 970 nm.

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Inclusion of titanium dioxide to achieve wavelength-dependent scattering coefficients similar to near-infrared biological tissues.

Characterization and validation using inverse adding-doubling and spatial frequency domain imaging techniques.

Main Results:

Successful fabrication of solid PDMS phantoms with tunable optical properties.
Demonstrated ability to mimic spectral absorption features of water using 9606 dye.
Achieved scattering properties comparable to biological tissues in the near-infrared spectrum.
Validated phantom performance for simulating different water fractions.

Conclusions:

Developed PDMS solid phantoms effectively mimic tissue water spectral characteristics.
These phantoms serve as a valuable tool for quantitative evaluation of diffuse optical devices, particularly for applications like burn wound triage.
The fabricated phantoms offer practical advantages in terms of transportability, usability, and lifespan compared to traditional phantom types.