Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Laminar Flow01:27

Laminar Flow

2.4K
Laminar flow represents a smooth, orderly fluid motion where particles move along parallel paths, resulting in minimal mixing between layers. Streamlined particle paths characterize this flow regime and occur under conditions where viscous forces dominate over inertial forces. The distinction between laminar, transitional, and turbulent flow is primarily determined by the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity calculated as:
2.4K
Laminar and Turbulent Flow01:07

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

11.2K
Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the...
11.2K
Laminins are the Adhesive Proteins of Basal Lamina00:55

Laminins are the Adhesive Proteins of Basal Lamina

3.7K
Laminins are heterotrimeric proteins with high molecular mass found in the extracellular matrix. Each laminin molecule is composed of three chains, viz. alpha, beta, and gamma, coded by five, four, and three paralogous genes, respectively. Laminins are categories based on the compositions of the three chains.
In humans, the five forms of alpha chains are LAMA 1, LAMA 2, LAMA 3, LAMA 4, and LAMA 5. The four forms of beta chains are LAMB 1, LAMB 2, LAMB 3, and LAMB 4. The three forms of gamma...
3.7K
Anchoring Junctions01:03

Anchoring Junctions

5.3K
Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
5.3K
Laminar Flow: Problem Solving01:24

Laminar Flow: Problem Solving

551
Laminar flow occurs when a fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers with minimal mixing and turbulence. In fluid mechanics, ensuring laminar flow within a pipe is essential for precise control of flow characteristics, especially in engineering applications. The key factor in determining whether flow remains laminar is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity that depends on the fluid's velocity, density, viscosity, and the pipe's diameter. A Reynolds number of 2100 or lower...
551
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

921
Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
921

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The MacBrain Resource Center (MBRC) rhesus macaque postnatal brain histology datasets: Enabling new discoveries through NHP tissue and digital data Repositories.

Journal of anatomy·2026
Same author

Cortical white matter: no longer a silent partner.

Frontiers in neuroanatomy·2026
Same author

The legacy of Rudolf Nieuwenhuys in perspective.

Brain structure & function·2025
Same author

Millennium Pathways for Tractography: 40 grand challenges to shape the future of tractography.

ArXiv·2025
Same author

Buried Treasure? Overlooked and Newly Discovered Evolutionary Contributions to Human Brain Diseases.

Annals of neurology·2025
Same author

Brain connectivity: complex, not chaotic.

Brain structure & function·2025
Same journal

Segmentation of the parasagittal dura mater on multi-center 3D-FLAIR MRI.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Spatial frequency channels implement a mental ruler in spatial vision.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Exploring the Link Between Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Measured Brain Diffusivity During Wakefulness and Sleep Macrostructure in the Elderly.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Closed-loop adaptation of transcranial magnetic stimulation intensity with electroencephalography feedback.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Volumetric postmortem MRI of the medial temporal lobe in Alzheimer's disease and related disorders: methodological advances and implications for in vivo biomarker development.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Neural responses to equity and inequity when receiving vicarious rewards for self and charity during adolescence.

NeuroImage·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography
13:26

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography

Published on: August 11, 2016

12.7K

What do we know about laminar connectivity?

Kathleen S Rockland1

  • 1Department of Anatomy&Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA.

Neuroimage
|July 22, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review overviews anatomical laminar connectivity, including inputs, outputs, and intrinsic connections, primarily using nonhuman primate visual system data. It highlights areas needing further anatomical investigation and discusses laminar resolution MRI as a promising tool for future research.

Keywords:
AnterogradeDistributedFeedbackFeedforwardInputsInterneuronsProjections

More Related Videos

Generating a Fractal Microstructure of Laminin-111 to Signal to Cells
06:56

Generating a Fractal Microstructure of Laminin-111 to Signal to Cells

Published on: September 28, 2020

1.4K
Laminectomy and Spinal Cord Window Implantation in the Mouse
06:59

Laminectomy and Spinal Cord Window Implantation in the Mouse

Published on: October 23, 2019

13.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography
13:26

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography

Published on: August 11, 2016

12.7K
Generating a Fractal Microstructure of Laminin-111 to Signal to Cells
06:56

Generating a Fractal Microstructure of Laminin-111 to Signal to Cells

Published on: September 28, 2020

1.4K
Laminectomy and Spinal Cord Window Implantation in the Mouse
06:59

Laminectomy and Spinal Cord Window Implantation in the Mouse

Published on: October 23, 2019

13.3K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroanatomy

Background:

  • Laminar-level connectivity is crucial for understanding brain network organization.
  • Existing data is often limited in scope and quantitative detail.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the main components of anatomical laminar-level connectivity.
  • To discuss laminar connectivity within broader network contexts.
  • To identify key areas for future anatomical research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing anatomical data, primarily from nonhuman primate visual systems.
  • Discussion of feedforward/feedback cortical and corticothalamic connections.
  • Identification of limitations in current anatomical tracing techniques.

Main Results:

  • Key components of laminar connectivity include extrinsic outputs, intrinsic excitatory/inhibitory connectivity, and intrinsic inputs.
  • Area-specific variability is a significant consideration.
  • Laminar resolution MRI presents a potential advancement for studying connectivity.

Conclusions:

  • Further systematic anatomical studies are required, focusing on tracer injections, anterograde labeling, projection neuron quantification, and terminal density.
  • Identifying postsynaptic targets is essential for understanding laminar patterns.
  • Laminar resolution MRI offers a complementary approach to anatomical tracing for investigating brain networks.