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Demineralized dentin and enamel matrices as suitable substrates for bone regeneration
Nina Bono1, Paolo Tarsini2, Gabriele Candiani1,2
1Polytechnic of Milan Research Unit, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Milan - Italy.
Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials
|July 22, 2017
Summary
Demineralization enhances tooth-derived biomaterials for bone regeneration. Demineralized dentin and enamel show increased BMP-2, improving biocompatibility and osteoinductivity for bone defect treatment.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Dental Research
Background:
- Tooth derivatives like dentin (D) and enamel (E) are explored as bone graft substitutes.
- Understanding demineralization's impact on their properties is crucial for optimizing their use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how demineralization affects the physical-chemical and biological properties of dentin and enamel.
- To evaluate their potential as osteoinductive materials for bone regeneration.
Main Methods:
- Human dentin and enamel particles were demineralized and sterilized.
- Physical-chemical and biochemical analyses (SEM, EDS, ELISA) assessed mineral, collagen I, and BMP-2 content.
- Cell adhesion and proliferation assays were performed using MG63 and SAOS-2 cells on treated materials and Bio-Oss®.
Main Results:
- Sterilization was effective for all tooth-derived materials.
- Demineralized dentin (dD) preserved collagen and increased BMP-2 bioavailability, showing superior biocompatibility to Bio-Oss®.
- Demineralized enamel (dE) also exhibited enhanced BMP-2 and improved in vitro performance compared to native enamel, despite higher residual mineral content.
Conclusions:
- Demineralization significantly increases BMP-2 bioavailability in tooth-derived materials.
- This process enhances their osteoinductive potential for bone regeneration and replacement applications.
