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Rho Protein: Roles and Mechanisms
Pallabi Mitra1, Gairika Ghosh1,2, Md Hafeezunnisa1,2
1Laboratory of Transcription, Center for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Nampally, Hyderabad-500001, India; email: rsen@cdfd.org.in , piyasvc@gmail.com , gairika@cdfd.org.in , hafeeza@cdfd.org.in.
Annual Review of Microbiology
|July 22, 2017
Summary
Rho, a bacterial transcription terminator, dislodges RNA polymerase (RNAP) from DNA. This review explores Rho
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Bacteriology
Background:
- Transcription termination is crucial for bacterial gene regulation.
- Rho protein mediates a significant portion of transcription termination in Escherichia coli.
- The precise mechanism of Rho-mediated RNAP dislodgement remains incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current models of Rho-dependent transcription termination.
- To discuss the regulation of Rho activity by various factors.
- To examine the physiological impact of transcription termination in bacteria.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on Rho-mediated termination.
- Analysis of current mechanistic models for Rho function.
- Synthesis of data on cis and trans factor regulation of Rho.
- Examination of studies on the physiological consequences of termination.
Main Results:
- Rho utilizes RNA-dependent ATPase activity to translocate along mRNA.
- The transcription elongation factor NusG directly interacts with Rho to facilitate termination.
- Rho-mediated termination impacts gene expression and cellular physiology in E. coli and Salmonella Typhimurium.
Conclusions:
- Rho is a key hexameric transcription terminator regulated by multiple factors.
- Understanding Rho's mechanism provides insights into bacterial gene regulation.
- Transcription termination significantly influences bacterial physiological processes.
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