Cyclodextrin-based nanosponges: A critical review.

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology
• Polymer Science
• Materials Science

Background:

• Cyclodextrin-based nanosponges (CD-NS) are novel cross-linked cyclodextrin polymers organized in a 3D network.
• These nanoparticles exhibit high porosity, tunable structures (crystalline/amorphous), spherical morphology, and significant swelling capacity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the characteristics and applications of cyclodextrin-based nanosponges.
• To highlight the potential of CD-NS as advanced drug delivery systems and functional materials.

Main Methods:

• Nanoparticle synthesis using various cross-linkers to create diverse CD-NS structures.
• Characterization of physicochemical properties, including porosity, swelling, and surface modification.
• Evaluation of complexation capabilities with lipophilic and hydrophilic molecules.

Main Results:

• CD-NS properties, such as mesh dimension and release kinetics, are adjustable by altering cross-linker type and degree.
• Surface functionalization enables site-specific targeting.
• Demonstrated ability to enhance aqueous solubility and protect degradable substances.

Conclusions:

• Cyclodextrin-based nanosponges are safe, biodegradable, and highly adaptable nanomaterials.
• CD-NS show significant promise as carriers in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, diagnostics, and environmental applications.