Campylobacter pyloridis, urease, hydrogen ion back diffusion, and gastric ulcers
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Updated: Aug 31, 2026

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)-Based Rapid Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Antibiotic Resistance
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Abstract:
Campylobacter pyloridis, a bacterium implicated as the aetiological agent of gastritis and possibly gastric ulcers, has a very high urease activity. The rapid hydrolysis of urea at intercellular junctions results in alterations in the milieu of the gastric epithelium preventing the normal passage of hydrogen ions (H+) from the gastric glands through the mucus to the lumen and permits back diffusion. A consequence of H+ back diffusion is hypochlorhydria and a predisposition to ulcer formation. Several conflicting reports on the physiology of normal, gastritis, and ulcerated stomachs are reconciled by this hypothesis.
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