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Growth and morbidity of extremely preterm infants after early full enteral nutrition

Christoph Maas1, Axel R Franz1,2, Stefanie von Krogh1

  • 1Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
|July 23, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Accelerated feeding advancement in extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs) demonstrated good weight gain and head growth. Further randomized trials are needed to confirm the impact on neonatal morbidity and long-term outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Clinical Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs) require optimized nutritional strategies for growth and development.
  • Current feeding protocols vary, and the impact of accelerated advancement needs further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility and short-term outcomes of accelerated enteral feeding advancement in ELGANs.
  • To evaluate growth parameters and incidence of major morbidities in ELGANs receiving early full enteral nutrition.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort analysis of ELGANs admitted between 2011-2013.
  • Data collection included birth characteristics, feeding advancement timelines, growth metrics, and morbidities.
  • Statistical analysis presented as median (IQR).

Main Results:

  • Seventy-seven ELGANs were analyzed; full enteral feeds were achieved by postnatal day 7.
  • Weight gain was 14.3 g/kg/day, with minimal changes in SD scores for weight and head circumference.
  • Rates of necrotizing enterocolitis and spontaneous intestinal perforation were 3.1% and 9.4%, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Accelerated enteral feeding in ELGANs is feasible and associated with adequate short-term growth.
  • The findings suggest potential benefits, but further adequately powered randomized trials are necessary.
  • Long-term effects on neonatal morbidity and development require additional investigation.
Abstract

Keywords:
Nutritionextremely low birth weight infantsfeeding methodsinfant, newborninfant, prematurenecrotizing enterocolitisweight gain

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