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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Immunotherapy in gastrointestinal cancers.

Patrick Grierson1, Kian-Huat Lim1, Manik Amin1

  • 1Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.

Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology
|July 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a leading cause of death. This review explores how immunotherapies are being integrated into GI cancer treatment, offering new hope alongside traditional therapies.

Keywords:
Immunotherapiescheck point inhibitorsgastrointestinal (GI) cancers

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers represent a significant global health burden, contributing substantially to cancer-related mortality.
  • Established treatments for GI cancers include chemotherapy, surgery, radiation therapy, monoclonal antibodies, and anti-angiogenic agents.
  • Recent advancements focus on integrating novel immunotherapeutic strategies into the management of GI malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of immunotherapies for GI cancers.
  • To summarize existing and emerging immunotherapy treatments for various GI cancers.
  • To highlight the potential of immunotherapy as a standalone or combination therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing and ongoing clinical trials.
  • Analysis of current research on immunotherapy in GI oncology.
  • Synthesis of data on immunotherapy efficacy and application in GI cancer treatment.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapy is increasingly recognized as a vital component in GI cancer treatment protocols.
  • Both established and novel immunotherapeutic agents show promise in clinical settings.
  • Combination therapies involving immunotherapy and traditional treatments are under active investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy offers a promising new avenue for treating GI cancers.
  • Further research and clinical trials are essential to optimize immunotherapy use.
  • Integrating immunotherapy has the potential to improve outcomes for patients with GI cancers.