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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Social context modulates cognitive markers in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Hernando Santamaría-García1, Carles Soriano-Mas2,3,4, Miguel Burgaleta1

  • 1a Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Technology , Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain.

Social Neuroscience
|July 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Social context significantly impacts cognitive processes in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Experiencing social superiority in OCD patients alters electrophysiological responses, suggesting new therapeutic avenues.

Keywords:
Social hierarchycognitive controlerror monitoring processevoked potentialsmotor controlobsessive-compulsive disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is linked to disruptions in error monitoring, cognitive control, and motor inhibition.
  • Individuals with OCD exhibit heightened sensitivity to social evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how social simulation affects electrophysiological markers of cognitive alterations in OCD.
  • To examine the influence of social hierarchy on cognitive control and error monitoring in OCD patients.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 20 OCD patients and 20 controls.
  • Event-related potentials (ERPs), including Error-Related Negativity (ERN), N2, and Lateralized Readiness Potential (LRP), were recorded.
  • Participants performed a visual discrimination task under simulated social superiority (vs. superior player) and inferiority (vs. inferior player) conditions.

Main Results:

  • OCD patients showed significant social effects in ERP amplitudes (ERN, N2, LRP) not observed in controls.
  • Performing against a simulated inferior player normalized abnormal ERP responses in OCD patients to control levels.
  • Social hierarchy influenced reaction times in OCD patients, correlating with ERP changes.

Conclusions:

  • Social context critically modulates cognitive functioning in OCD, particularly error monitoring.
  • Experiencing social superiority exacerbates cognitive alterations in OCD.
  • Findings suggest potential for novel therapeutic strategies targeting social interactions in OCD treatment.