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CD318 is a ligand for CD6.

Gospel Enyindah-Asonye1, Yan Li1, Jeffrey H Ruth2

  • 1Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified CD318 as a novel ligand for CD6, a T cell regulator. This discovery offers new diagnostic and therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis and inflammatory arthritis.

Keywords:
CD318CD6T cellautoimmunityligand

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • CD6 is a T cell regulator, primarily understood to interact with CD166.
  • Evidence suggests the CD6-CD166 interaction may not fully explain CD6 functions in autoimmune conditions.
  • A distinct CD6 ligand, recognized by mAb 3A11, was previously proposed but unidentified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the novel CD6 ligand.
  • To investigate the role of this ligand in T cell function and autoimmune diseases.
  • To evaluate its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic target.

Main Methods:

  • Protein identification and characterization.
  • Analysis of CD6 and CD318 knockout mouse models in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
  • Assessment of CD318 expression in human synovial tissues and fluids.
  • Investigation of T cell adhesion and migration assays.
  • Measurement of soluble CD318 levels in patient synovial fluid.

Main Results:

  • The mAb 3A11-recognized CD6 ligand was identified as CD318, a cell surface protein.
  • CD318 knockout mice, similar to CD6 knockout mice, showed protection in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
  • CD318 is highly expressed in human synovial tissues and mediates T cell adhesion to synovial fibroblasts.
  • Soluble CD318 exhibits chemoattractant properties for T cells.
  • Soluble CD318 levels are significantly elevated in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile inflammatory arthritis.

Conclusions:

  • CD318 is established as a functional ligand of CD6.
  • CD318 plays a significant role in T cell-mediated autoimmune responses.
  • CD318 represents a promising target for the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis and inflammatory arthritis.