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The Androgen Receptor: Is It a Promising Target?
Ayca Gucalp1,2, Tiffany A Traina3,4
1Breast Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
The androgen receptor (AR) is crucial in some breast cancers, especially triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Targeting AR shows promise, with recent trials demonstrating clinical benefits for patients with AR-positive TNBC.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Endocrinology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- The androgen receptor (AR) is increasingly recognized for its role in breast cancer development.
- AR signaling is implicated in the pathogenesis of various breast cancer subtypes.
- Androgen dependence is observed in a significant proportion of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent clinical trials investigating androgen receptor (AR) targeted therapies in breast cancer.
- To highlight the efficacy of AR antagonism or androgen production reduction in AR-positive TNBC.
- To discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting AR in specific breast cancer patient populations.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent phase 2 clinical trials focusing on AR-targeted agents.
- Analysis of clinical benefit and efficacy data from these trials.
- Examination of ongoing research in AR-positive TNBC.
Main Results:
- Recent phase 2 trials of AR-targeting agents in AR-positive TNBC have shown varying degrees of clinical benefit.
- Agents that antagonize the AR or reduce androgen production demonstrate efficacy in this subset of patients.
- Approximately 50% of TNBC tumors may exhibit androgen dependence, suggesting a therapeutic window.
Conclusions:
- The androgen receptor is a relevant therapeutic target in specific breast cancer contexts.
- Targeting AR pathways offers a promising strategy for a subset of patients with AR-positive TNBC.
- Ongoing research continues to explore the clinical utility of AR-directed therapies in breast cancer.
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