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Related Concept Videos

Mortar Joints in Brick Masonry01:25

Mortar Joints in Brick Masonry

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Mortar joints play a critical role in brick masonry, filling the spaces between brick to bind them together and provide structural integrity and strength. The thickness of these joints is variable, typically ranging from less than one-fourth inch to over half an inch, based on structural needs and specific applications.
The process of joint tooling is implemented as the mortar begins to harden. This technique involves compacting and shaping the mortar to enhance both the appearance and the...
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Mortar Joint Deterioration in Masonry01:13

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Mortar joint deterioration is a significant concern in masonry structures, with water accumulation in the joints leading to damage from freeze-thaw cycles. The repeated expansion of water during freezing and its melting during thawing develop and propagate cracks in the masonry joints. Eventually, this leads to the spalling of mortar from the joints, loosening masonry units and weakening the structure. The deteriorated mortar joints are also vulnerable to moisture intrusion into the walls.
The...
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Brick Masonry01:12

Brick Masonry

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Brick masonry uses bricks as the building blocks and involves building walls from individual bricks laid in mortar. The basic building block of brick masonry is the wythe, a vertical layer of bricks with a thickness of one brick. Within a wythe, bricks can be laid in various courses or patterns, with the most common being the stretcher course, where bricks are laid with their long edge horizontal and face parallel to the wall.
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Expansion and Contraction in Masonry Walls01:19

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Masonry walls are subject to slight expansion and contraction due to variations in temperature and moisture. Thermal movement in masonry is relatively straightforward to measure and plan for. On the other hand, moisture movement poses more of a challenge. New clay masonry units typically absorb water and expand over time under normal environmental conditions. Conversely, new concrete masonry units tend to shrink as they lose the excess moisture acquired during their production process.
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Mortar Properties01:17

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Mortar properties encompass a range of characteristics crucial for construction and masonry work, including workability, water retention, bond strength, durability, compressive strength, volume change, and appearance. Workability refers to mortar's ability to be easily applied and manipulated without sagging or falling off surfaces, which is important for efficient masonry unit placement and alignment. Water retention is essential to prevent the mortar from losing moisture too quickly to...
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Laying Concrete Masonry01:16

Laying Concrete Masonry

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Constructing a concrete masonry wall involves a series of steps designed to ensure durability, stability, and alignment. The construction starts with preparing the base, which includes cleaning the area where the wall will be erected. The next step involves spreading mortar where the first row of concrete blocks will be laid, typically starting at a corner section to help define the wall's boundaries.
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Related Experiment Video

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Production and Analysis of Sporosarcina pasteurii Biocement Bricks Using Custom 3D-Printed Molds for Unconfined Compression Tests
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Cyclic Behavior of Mortarless Brick Joints with Different Interlocking Shapes.

Hongjun Liu1, Peng Liu2, Kun Lin3

  • 1Shenzhen Engineering Lab for Wind Environment and Technology, Shenzhen Key Lab of Urban & Civil, Engineering Disaster Prevention & Reduction, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China. liuhongjun@hit.edu.cn.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Mortarless brick (MB) panels offer energy dissipation through brick sliding and stability via interlocking mechanisms. Interlocking shapes and compression stress significantly influence friction coefficients, which degrade with loading cycles.

Keywords:
cyclic loadsexperimentinterlocking shapesmortarless brick jointsshear-compression behavior

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Area of Science:

  • Structural Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Seismic Performance

Background:

  • Mortarless brick (MB) panels offer unique structural properties, including in-plane energy dissipation and out-of-plane stability.
  • Interlocking mechanisms in MB panels enhance stability, while brick-to-brick sliding contributes to energy dissipation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the cyclic behaviors of non-interlocking mortarless brick (N-IMB) and interlocking mortarless brick (IMB) joints.
  • To analyze the influence of interlocking shapes, compression stress levels, and loading cycles on MB joint performance.
  • To develop a mechanical model based on experimental hysteretic loops and the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental investigation of cyclic behaviors for N-IMB and IMB joints.
  • Application of the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion to characterize shear failure modes.
  • Development of a mechanical model derived from experimental hysteretic loops.

Main Results:

  • N-IMB joints exhibit typical frictional behavior, while IMB joints show a significant stiffening effect during sliding.
  • Friction coefficients increase with higher compression stress and smoother interlocking surfaces.
  • Friction coefficients decrease with an increased number of loading cycles, with higher degradation rates observed on rougher surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • Mortarless brick panels demonstrate viable energy dissipation and stability characteristics for structural applications.
  • Interlocking design and surface smoothness are critical factors for optimizing friction and performance under cyclic loading.
  • Understanding friction coefficient degradation is essential for predicting the long-term seismic performance of MB structures.