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EARLY DIAGNOSIS IN POST RENAL TRANSPLANT OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS: A FRESH LOOK
G S Chopra1, A S Narula2, P S Reddy3
1Classified Specialist Pathology & Transplant Immunologist, Command Hospital (EC), Calcutta 27.
Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|August 5, 2017
Summary
Renal transplant recipients showed high rates of Toxoplasma, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes-simplex virus type II (HSV-2) infections. Early diagnosis and management of opportunistic infections through regular immunological monitoring are crucial for transplant patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Transplant Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Opportunistic infections pose a significant risk to renal transplant recipients.
- Live donor kidney transplantation (LRD and LURD) involves immunosuppression, increasing susceptibility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of opportunistic infections in renal transplant patients.
- To evaluate diagnostic methods for common infections post-transplantation.
Main Methods:
- Studied 86 renal transplant patients (LRD and LURD).
- Performed immune diagnosis for Toxoplasma, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes-simplex virus type II (HSV-2), Aspergillosis, and Tuberculosis.
- Included sputum examination, CSF studies, and tissue biopsies.
Main Results:
- High positivity rates for Toxoplasma, CMV, and HSV-2 were observed.
- Standard serological criteria for Tuberculosis diagnosis showed low sensitivity.
- Modified criteria significantly improved Tuberculosis detection sensitivity.
Conclusions:
- Regular immunological monitoring is essential for early detection of opportunistic infections in transplant patients.
- Prompt diagnosis and management are critical for patient outcomes.
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