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Contrasting Work Fluctuations and Distributions in Systems with Short-Range and Long-Range Correlations
T R Kirkpatrick1, J K Bhattacherjee1,2, J V Sengers1
1Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
Physical Review Letters
|August 5, 2017
Summary
Work fluctuations differ significantly between systems with short-range and long-range correlations. Long-range correlations lead to broader work distributions, making fluctuation theorems more applicable in these complex systems.
Area of Science:
- Statistical Mechanics
- Condensed Matter Physics
Background:
- Work fluctuations and their distribution are key to understanding system dynamics.
- Distinguishing between short-range and long-range correlations is crucial for theoretical models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the fundamental differences in work fluctuations and work distribution functions based on correlation range.
- To explore the implications of these differences for fluctuation theorems.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of work fluctuations in an equilibrium isotropic ferromagnet with long-range correlations.
- Examination of work fluctuations in a nonequilibrium fluid with a temperature gradient and long-range correlations.
- Comparison of systems with long-range correlations to those with only short-range correlations.
Main Results:
- Work fluctuations and distribution functions are fundamentally distinct in systems with short-range versus long-range correlations.
- Long-range correlations, arising from equilibrium Goldstone modes or nonequilibrium effects, result in extraordinarily broad work distributions.
- External magnetic fields can tune magnetic systems between long-range and short-range correlation regimes.
Conclusions:
- Systems with long-range correlations exhibit significantly broader work distributions than those with short-range correlations.
- Fluctuation theorems, such as the Jarzynski fluctuation theorem, are surprisingly more useful in systems with long-range correlations.
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