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Related Concept Videos

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation01:25

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Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
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Fluorescence and phosphorescence are essential phenomena in fields like analytical chemistry, biological imaging, and materials science, where they detect molecular properties and visualize cellular structures. Understanding the variables that influence these luminescent behaviors is crucial for maximizing accuracy and efficiency in their applications. These variables can broadly be grouped into chemical structure, solvent properties, and external conditions, each playing a distinct role in...
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Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
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Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

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Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been...
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Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 25, 2026

A Fluorescence Fluctuation Spectroscopy Assay of Protein-Protein Interactions at Cell-Cell Contacts
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Flow-dependent fluorescence of CCVJ.

Markus J Schmidt1, David Sauter1, Thomas Rösgen1

  • 1Institute of Fluid Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092 Switzerland.

Journal of Biological Engineering
|August 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

The molecular rotor CCVJ does not show fluorescence changes due to velocity or shear. Its fluorescence intensity is consistent with photoisomerism, not fluid dynamics.

Keywords:
Flow sensorsFluid dynamicsFluid mechanicsMicrofluidicsMolecular rotorsMolecular tagging velocimetryPhotoisomerizationShear stressTICTTwisted intramolecular charge transfer statesViscosity

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • The molecular rotor 9-(2-Carboxy-2-cyanovinyl)julolidine (CCVJ) is hypothesized to exhibit fluorescence changes in response to velocity or shear.
  • Photoisomeric behavior of CCVJ may also influence its fluorescence intensity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesized sensitivity of CCVJ to velocity and shear.
  • To differentiate between shear-induced fluorescence changes and photoisomerism using fluid dynamics principles.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental measurements of CCVJ fluorescence under varying stirring rates.
  • Theoretical modeling of Poiseuille flow.
  • Experiments utilizing a flow chamber.

Main Results:

  • No correlation was found between stirring rate and CCVJ fluorescence intensity in the experiments.
  • Theoretical models and flow chamber experiments supported the photoisomeric behavior of CCVJ.
  • The influence of shear on CCVJ fluorescence was excluded.

Conclusions:

  • Experimental evidence for velocity or shear influencing CCVJ fluorescence intensity was not found.
  • The observed fluorescence changes are attributed to the photoisomeric behavior of CCVJ.
  • The study excludes shear sensitivity as a factor affecting CCVJ fluorescence.